Prostate treatment in men: what drugs to take

prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It manifests itself with frequent urination, pain in the penis, scrotum, rectum, sexual disorders (erectile dysfunction, early ejaculation, etc.), sometimes retention of urine and blood in the urine.The diagnosis of prostatitis is made by a urologist or andrologist based on the typical clinical picture and the results of a rectal examination.In addition, ultrasound of the prostate and culture of prostate secretion and urine are performed.The treatment is conservative - antibacterial therapy, immunotherapy, prostate massage, lifestyle correction.

General information

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the seminal (prostate) gland - the prostate.It is the most common disease of the genitourinary system in men.It most often affects patients aged 25-50 years.According to various data, prostatitis affects 30-85% of men over the age of 30.Possible formation of an abscess of the prostate gland, inflammation of the testicles and appendages, which threatens infertility.Ascending infection leads to inflammation of the upper parts of the genitourinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis).

The pathology develops with the penetration of an infectious agent that enters the prostate tissue from the organs of the genitourinary system (urethra, bladder) or from a distant inflammatory focus (pneumonia, flu, sore throat, furunculosis).

Causes of prostatitis

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus, Klebsiella and E. Coli can act as infectious agents in acute cases.Most microorganisms belong to the conditionally pathogenic flora and cause prostatitis only in the presence of other predisposing factors.Chronic inflammation is usually due to polymicrobial associations.

The risk of developing the disease increases with hypothermia, a history of specific infections and conditions accompanied by congestion in the prostate tissue.The following predisposing factors have been identified:

• General hypothermia (single or permanent, related to working conditions).
• Sedentary lifestyle, profession that forces a person to be in a sitting position for a long time (computer operator, driver, etc.).
• Constant constipation.
• Disturbances in the normal rhythm of sexual activity (excessive sexual activity, prolonged abstinence, incomplete ejaculation during "usual" intercourse devoid of emotional nuances).
• The presence of chronic diseases (cholecystitis, bronchitis) or chronic infectious foci in the body (chronic osteomyelitis, untreated caries, tonsillitis, etc.).
• Past urological diseases (urethritis, cystitis, etc.) and sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea).
• Conditions that cause suppression of the immune system (chronic stress, irregular and insufficient nutrition, regular lack of sleep, overtraining in athletes).

Congestion in the prostate tissue plays a decisive role in the occurrence of prostatitis.Violation of capillary blood flow causes increased lipid peroxidation, swelling, exudation of prostate tissue and creates conditions for the development of an infectious process.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis

There are three stages of acute prostatitis, which are characterized by the presence of a certain clinical picture and morphological changes:

• Acute catarrhal.Patients complain of frequent, often painful urination, pain in the sacrum and perineum.
• Acute follicular.The pain becomes more intense, sometimes radiates to the anus and increases during defecation.Urination is difficult, urine comes out in a thin stream.In some cases, urinary retention is observed.Subfebrile or moderate hyperthermia is characteristic.
• Acute parenchymal.Severe general intoxication, hyperthermia up to 38-40 ° C, chills.Dysuric disorders, often acute urinary retention.Sharp, throbbing pain in perineum.Difficulty defecating.

Chronic prostatitis

In rare cases, chronic prostatitis results from an acute process, but as a rule, a chronic course is observed.Sometimes the temperature rises to subfebrile levels.The patient notes slight pain in the perineum, discomfort during urination and defecation.The most characteristic symptom is scanty discharge from the urethra during defecation.The primary chronic form of the disease develops over a considerable period of time.It is preceded by prostatosis (blood stagnation in the capillaries), which gradually turns into abacterial prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis is often a complication of the inflammatory process caused by the causative agent of a specific infection (chlamydia, trichomonas, ureaplasma, gonococcus).Symptoms of a specific inflammatory process in many cases mask the manifestations of prostate damage.There may be a slight increase in pain during urination, slight pain in the perineum, scanty discharge from the urethra during defecation.A slight change in the clinical picture often goes unnoticed by the patient.

Chronic inflammation of the prostate gland can manifest itself with a burning sensation in the urethra and perineum, dysuria, sexual dysfunction and increased general fatigue.The consequence of potency disorders (or fear of these disorders) is often mental depression, anxiety and irritability.The clinical picture does not always include all the listed groups of symptoms;it varies from patient to patient and changes over time.There are three main syndromes characteristic of chronic prostatitis: pain, dysuria, sexual disorders.

There are no pain receptors in prostate tissue.The cause of pain in chronic prostatitis is the almost inevitable involvement of nerve pathways in the inflammatory process due to the abundant innervation of the pelvic organs.Patients complain of pain of varying intensity - from mild, painful to intense, disturbing sleep.There is a change in the nature of the pain (increasing or weakening) during ejaculation, excessive sexual activity or sexual abstinence.The pain radiates to the scrotum, sacrum, perineum, and sometimes to the lumbar region.

As a result of inflammation in chronic prostatitis, the volume of the prostate increases, pressing the urethra.The lumen of the ureter decreases.The patient experiences frequent urges to urinate and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.As a rule, dysuric phenomena are manifested in the early stages.Compensatory hypertrophy of the muscle layer of the bladder and ureters then develops.Symptoms of dysuria weaken during this period and then increase again with decompensation of adaptation mechanisms.

In the initial stages, dyspotency may develop, which manifests itself differently in different patients.Patients may complain of frequent nocturnal erections, loss of orgasm or worsening erection.Accelerated ejaculation is associated with a decrease in the threshold level of arousal of the orgasm center.Pain during ejaculation can cause withdrawal from sexual activity.Subsequently, sexual dysfunctions become more pronounced.In an advanced stage, impotence develops.

The degree of sexual disorder is determined by many factors, including the sexual constitution and psychological mood of the patient.Impaired potency and dysuria can be caused both by changes in the prostate gland and by the suggestibility of the patient, who, if diagnosed with chronic prostatitis, expects the inevitable development of sexual disorders and urination disorders.Psychogenic dyspotence and dysuria develop especially often in suggestible, anxious patients.

Impotence, and sometimes the very threat of possible sexual disorders, is difficult for patients to tolerate.Often there is a change in character, irritability, grumpiness, excessive concern for one's own health and even "disease".

Classification

In modern urology, there is no uniform classification of the disease.However, medical practitioners prefer this option for classifying the inflammatory process in the prostate:

According to the course of the disease:

• Acute prostatitis.It accounts for more than 50% of cases of the disease in people aged no more than 30-35 years.
• Chronic variant.It is considered a non-age category.It does not manifest itself for a long time;the impetus for its development is a cold or infection.

Due to the reason that caused the pathology:

• Bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland, prevalent in men under 40 years of age, occurs against the background of ultrasound and does not go beyond the boundaries of the organ.
• Non-bacterial pathological changes in the gland, mostly chronic.
• Viral inflammation of the prostate is characterized by an acute course that affects the entire genital area.

According to the nature of the structural changes in the prostate gland:

• Fibrous prostatitis is characterized by rapid irreversible growth of the gland and requires radical intervention.Clinically it resembles a prostatic adenoma.
• Calculous inflammation of the prostate gland occurs due to the formation of stones in the prostate.It is considered a harbinger of cancer.
• Congestive prostatitis, the result of a sedentary lifestyle, is diagnosed in every second patient.

Signs of the disease

If a person finds at least two of the following symptoms of prostatitis, he should immediately contact a qualified specialist:

• Disturbance of micturition, with an inconstant, weak stream of urine, unusually short, causing splashing, difficulty, and pain before urinating.The frequent urge to empty the bladder occurs mostly at night.
• Pain that is localized in the lower abdomen, radiates to the scrotum, perineum and rectum.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Problems with ejaculation, changes in semen (consistency, quantity).

Complications

In the absence of timely treatment of acute prostatitis, there is a significant risk of developing a prostate abscess.When a purulent focus is formed, the patient's body temperature rises to 39-40 ° C and can become hectic.Periods of fever alternate with severe chills.Sharp pain in the perineum makes urination difficult and defecation impossible.

The growing swelling of the prostate gland leads to acute urinary retention.In rare cases, the abscess spontaneously ruptures into the urethra or rectum.When the urethra is opened, purulent, cloudy urine with an unpleasant, pungent odor appears;when opened, stools contain pus and mucus in the rectum.

Chronic prostatitis is characterized by an undulating course with periods of long remissions, during which the inflammation in the prostate is latent or manifests itself with extremely few symptoms.Patients who are not worried about anything often stop treatment and return only if complications develop.

The spread of the infection through the urinary tract causes the appearance of pyelonephritis and cystitis.The most common complication of the chronic process is inflammation of the testicles and epididymis (epdidymorchitis) and inflammation of the seminal vesicles (vesiculitis).The result of these diseases is often infertility.

Diagnosis

The characteristic clinical picture facilitates the process of diagnosing acute and chronic prostatitis.It is mandatory to:

Treatment of prostatitis

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Patients with an uncomplicated acute process are treated by a urologist on an outpatient basis.In case of severe intoxication or suspicion of a purulent process, hospitalization is indicated.Antibacterial therapy is administered.Medicines are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the infectious agent.Antibiotics are widely used, which can penetrate well into the prostate tissue and act on it.

With the development of acute urinary retention due to prostatitis, they resort to installing a cystostomy rather than a urethral catheter, as there is a danger of prostate abscess formation.If an abscess develops, endoscopic transrectal or transurethral opening of the abscess is performed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis

Treatment of chronic prostatitis should be comprehensive, including etiotropic therapy, physiotherapy, correction of immunity:

• Antibiotic therapy.The patient is prescribed long courses of antibacterial drugs (for 4-8 weeks).The choice of the type and dosage of antibacterial drugs, as well as the determination of the duration of the course of treatment, is made individually.The drug is selected based on the sensitivity of the microflora based on the results of the culture of urine and prostate secretions.
• Prostate massage.Massage of the gland has a complex effect on the affected organ.During the massage, the inflammatory secretion accumulated in the prostate gland is squeezed into the channels, then enters the urethra and is removed from the body.The procedure improves blood circulation in the prostate, which minimizes congestion and ensures better penetration of antibacterial drugs into the tissue of the affected organ.
• Physiotherapy.Laser exposure, ultrasound waves and electromagnetic waves are used to improve blood circulation.If it is impossible to carry out physiotherapy procedures, the patient is prescribed warm medicinal micro-enemas.

In the case of chronic, prolonged inflammation, consultation with an immunologist is indicated for the selection of immunocorrective therapy tactics.The patient is given recommendations for lifestyle changes.Making certain changes in the lifestyle of a patient with chronic prostatitis is both a therapeutic and a preventive measure.The patient is recommended to normalize sleep and wakefulness, adjust the diet and moderate physical activity.

Treatment of acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis requires bed rest, a special salt-free diet and sexual rest.

Course treatment methods:

• The most effective treatment for prostatitis is etiotropic therapy.If the underlying cause of prostatitis is an infection, a course of antimicrobial agents is a priority, which relieves the manifestations of inflammation.
• The pain syndrome is relieved with analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories, micro-enemas with warm solutions of painkillers.NSAIDs may be used.
• Immunostimulants, immunomodulators, enzymes, vitamin complexes and a combination of trace elements have proven their effectiveness.
• Physiotherapy methods are possible only in the subacute stage of the disease.They improve microcirculation and increase immunity: UHF, microwave oven, electrophoresis, laser, magnetic therapy.
• Massage is another effective method of affecting the prostate.Opens the channels, normalizes blood circulation in the scrotum and pelvis.
• Acute renal filtrate retention can be corrected by catheterization and trocar cystostomy.
• The purulent process involves surgical intervention.
• Consultations with a psychologist.

Methods of treatment of prostatitis

Antibacterial therapy is most effective for treating prostatitis.Herbal medicine, immunocorrectors and hormonal drugs can also be used according to a doctor's prescription.

In the absence of acute symptoms, prostatitis can be treated with physiotherapy.In case of abscesses and suppurations, surgical intervention is recommended.

Drug treatment

The treatment of prostatitis by antibacterial therapy should begin with a bacterial culture, the purpose of which is to assess the sensitivity of the body to this type of antibiotic.If urination is disturbed, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs gives a good result.

Medicines are taken in tablets, in acute cases - as a dropper or intramuscularly.Rectal suppositories are effective for the treatment of chronic forms of prostatitis: with their help, drugs achieve their goals faster and have a minimal effect on other organs.

Blood thinners and anti-inflammatory drugs have also been shown to be effective.

Antibacterial therapy

Antibiotics are an effective means of combating bacterial prostatitis.In order to achieve the desired effect and not to harm the body, the choice of the drug, the dosage and the treatment regimen should be carried out by a doctor.In order to correctly choose the most effective drugs, he will need to find out what type of pathogen caused prostatitis, as well as test the patient for tolerance to antibiotics of a certain group.

Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group have proven to be effective in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.Their action is aimed at suppressing bacterial infection and strengthening the body's own immunity.In addition, the bacteriostatic antibiotic trimethoprim is recommended for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases of the genitourinary system.

For the treatment of prostatitis caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia, you can additionally take drugs from the group of macrolides and tetracyclines, which slow down the spread of the infection.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is from 2 to 4 weeks.With positive dynamics, the course can be extended.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of prostatitis are aimed at activating blood circulation in the pelvic area, improving metabolic processes in the prostate gland and cleaning the channels.If physiotherapy is combined with taking antibiotics, the effect of the latter is enhanced.

The main methods include:

• magnetic therapy;
• laser therapy;
• electrophoresis;
• warming up;
• ultrasound;
• mud therapy;
• high frequency radiation;
• physical therapy.

One of the oldest methods, transrectal massage of the prostate gland, according to modern research, has no proven effectiveness.

Non-specific treatments

Non-specific methods of treating prostatitis include:

• hirudotherapy;
• therapeutic fasting;
• acupuncture;
• diet according to the Ostrovsky method;
• alkalinization of the body according to the Neumivakin method.

We strongly recommend that you discuss any non-traditional methods of treating prostatitis with your doctor.

Surgical treatment

Surgical methods are used in complex and urgent cases:

• for draining purulent abscesses, which are removed laparoscopically by puncture;
• with difficulty urinating due to damage to the urinary tract;
• with a large volume of the affected area;
• with a significant number of stones in the body of the gland.

Stones and sclerotic tissue are removed by endoscopic methods.In case of a large lesion or multiple stones, resection of the prostate is resorted to.

Transurethral resection is also effective in bacterial prostatitis.In this way, the risk of relapse can be reduced.

People's funds

Folk remedies for the treatment of prostatitis alone are unlikely to be effective, but in combination with medication and physical therapy methods may be applicable.These include: bee products, decoctions of herbs and seeds, tinctures of garlic, ginger, beaver jet, fresh vegetables, pumpkin seeds.

In case of exacerbation of the disease, you should consult a doctor and in no case self-medicate!If a purulent abscess bursts, death is possible.

Suppositories for prostatitis

In the treatment of prostatitis, rectal suppositories are much more effective than tablets, if only because the rectum is much closer to the prostate, which means that the medicine will work faster.

The composition of drugs for the treatment of prostatitis can be completely different;they are prescribed to solve a specific problem.

1. Antibacterial agents are particularly effective in prostatitis caused by chlamydia.
2. Pain relievers are used for symptomatic treatment;they relieve pain well.
3. Immunostimulants help improve blood circulation, relieve swelling and are used in complex therapy.
4. Herbal medicines have a mild effect.They, like candles on bee products, are used as an addition to the main treatment.
5. Compositions based on ichthyol promote blood flow in the area of the intestinal mucosa, which accelerates the weakening of inflammatory processes and slightly improves immunity.
6. Enzyme-based products prevent scarring.It is recommended to be taken as part of complex therapy with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and pain relievers.

Auxiliary drugs

For symptomatic treatment of prostatitis in men, for example, relief of pain when urinating, you can additionally take antispasmodics, which relax smooth muscles and thus quickly relieve pain.

General health is supported by blood-thinning and anti-inflammatory nutritional supplements based on bee products, pumpkin oil and palm fruit extracts.

Diet and lifestyle

Proper, balanced nutrition and a healthy lifestyle are very important for the treatment of prostatitis.Food should not contain spicy, fried, salty or pickled foods.In acute cases, alcohol is strictly prohibited.

Food should contain enough fiber to prevent constipation.The protein content should be reduced.It is recommended to supplement the diet with herbs, ginger and pumpkin seeds.

Consequences of untreated prostatitis

Even if the symptoms of prostatitis have not appeared for a long time, it is necessary to regularly undergo an examination by a urologist.Incompletely cured prostatitis can be accompanied by the formation of calcifications, which must then be removed together with the gland.Experts are confident that there are no other ways to remove or dissolve stones.

In addition, pathogenic microorganisms can migrate to neighboring organs, causing inflammation.Advanced prostatitis can cause the development of prostate adenoma and cancer.

Prognosis and prevention

Acute prostatitis is a disease that has a pronounced tendency to chronicity.Even with timely and adequate treatment, chronic prostatitis results in more than half of patients.Recovery is not always achieved, but with proper consistent therapy and following the doctor's recommendations, it is possible to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and achieve long-term stable remission in a chronic process.

Prevention consists in eliminating risk factors.It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, to alternate sedentary work with periods of physical activity, to eat regularly and wholesomely.Laxatives should be used for constipation.One of the preventive measures is the normalization of sexual life, since both excessive sexual activity and sexual abstinence are risk factors for the development of prostatitis.If symptoms of a urological or sexually transmitted disease appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.